Layers of the Earth
The Earth’s structure is made up of four layers. These layers are crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Inside the Earth layers, lies the Tectonics Plates.
The Crust
The thinnest and outermost of the Earth’s layers is the crust. The crust is categorized into two parts; the oceanic crust and the continental crust. The crust is made up of different types of rocks; igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. The crust is 4 billion years old.
Continental Crust
The continental crust only makes up one-third of the earth’s surface. The continental crust is made up of the igneous rock. The state of the continental crust is solid. It is 0-75 km below the surface and the temperature is less than 1,000 degrees Celsius. The density is 3 g/3 cm.
Oceanic Crust
The oceanic crust forms two-thirds of the Earth’s surface. The ocean floor is always continually changing and forming because Basaltic lava erupts from cones and cools to create a new ocean floor. The oceanic crust is solid. The thickness is 0-11 km below surface much smaller than the Continental crust). The temperature is under 10,000 degrees Celsius. The density of the oceanic crust is 2.7 g/3 cm. The oceanic crust is 200 billion years old.
The mantle
Under the crust, lies the mantle. The mantle is made up of semi melted rock. The lower mantle includes silicon, magnesium, oxygen, and more commonly iron, calcium, and aluminium. The lower mantle is solid and has a density of 3.5 g/3 cm. The mantle is 2,990 km below the surface. The temperature is 1,000-3,000 degrees Celsius. The upper mantle is solid and the density is 3.5 g/3 cm. The mantle is 5-70 km below the surface. The temperature is less than 1,000 degrees Celsius.
THE CORES
The Molten Iron Outer Core
The outer core is about 5,200 km in depth, it is made up of liquid iron and nickel and around 12 per cent is also made up of other metals, and it is around 3,500 degrees Celsius. The conditions of the earth’s core make it like another planet compared to the space that’s around us. The iron heart has a pressure of around 3 or 4 million atmospheres, and has temperature around 5,000 degrees Celsius.
The Molten Iron Inner Core
The inner core is around 4,700 degrees Celsius, it is around 6,400 km in depth. The inner core is made of iron which is freezing over it at the rate of 1,000 tonnes a second and yet only 4 per cent of the core has frozen over 4.5 billion years. There is a liquid outer layer. The inner and outer core are about the size of the moon.
The Crust
The thinnest and outermost of the Earth’s layers is the crust. The crust is categorized into two parts; the oceanic crust and the continental crust. The crust is made up of different types of rocks; igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. The crust is 4 billion years old.
Continental Crust
The continental crust only makes up one-third of the earth’s surface. The continental crust is made up of the igneous rock. The state of the continental crust is solid. It is 0-75 km below the surface and the temperature is less than 1,000 degrees Celsius. The density is 3 g/3 cm.
Oceanic Crust
The oceanic crust forms two-thirds of the Earth’s surface. The ocean floor is always continually changing and forming because Basaltic lava erupts from cones and cools to create a new ocean floor. The oceanic crust is solid. The thickness is 0-11 km below surface much smaller than the Continental crust). The temperature is under 10,000 degrees Celsius. The density of the oceanic crust is 2.7 g/3 cm. The oceanic crust is 200 billion years old.
The mantle
Under the crust, lies the mantle. The mantle is made up of semi melted rock. The lower mantle includes silicon, magnesium, oxygen, and more commonly iron, calcium, and aluminium. The lower mantle is solid and has a density of 3.5 g/3 cm. The mantle is 2,990 km below the surface. The temperature is 1,000-3,000 degrees Celsius. The upper mantle is solid and the density is 3.5 g/3 cm. The mantle is 5-70 km below the surface. The temperature is less than 1,000 degrees Celsius.
THE CORES
The Molten Iron Outer Core
The outer core is about 5,200 km in depth, it is made up of liquid iron and nickel and around 12 per cent is also made up of other metals, and it is around 3,500 degrees Celsius. The conditions of the earth’s core make it like another planet compared to the space that’s around us. The iron heart has a pressure of around 3 or 4 million atmospheres, and has temperature around 5,000 degrees Celsius.
The Molten Iron Inner Core
The inner core is around 4,700 degrees Celsius, it is around 6,400 km in depth. The inner core is made of iron which is freezing over it at the rate of 1,000 tonnes a second and yet only 4 per cent of the core has frozen over 4.5 billion years. There is a liquid outer layer. The inner and outer core are about the size of the moon.