Volcanoes and Earthquakes
Volcanos
Hot, melted rocks called magma form volcano's. The magma comes from the mantle. The magma pushes up through the cracks in the crust. It collects in spaces called magma chambers. The magma melts a tube through solid rock. Suddenly it blast’s up the tube and comes out the ground. The magma coming out of a volcano is called eruption. Once the magma erupts from a volcano, it is called lava. The lava cools and becomes rock.
Earthquakes
Earthquakes are made when two tectonic plates rub against each other, earthquakes happen more often when it’s on plate boundaries. Tsunamis occur by earthquakes which happen in the sea and create landslides, which from the vibration create a tsunami. Shock waves are sent out in the form of seismic waves. Almost every day there are several hundred minor earthquakes around the world. New Zealand is the number one hotspot for earthquakes. The reason is because it goes over two tectonic plates - Pacific plate and Australian plate. These plates are always moving. That is why there are so many earthquakes in this region.
Hot, melted rocks called magma form volcano's. The magma comes from the mantle. The magma pushes up through the cracks in the crust. It collects in spaces called magma chambers. The magma melts a tube through solid rock. Suddenly it blast’s up the tube and comes out the ground. The magma coming out of a volcano is called eruption. Once the magma erupts from a volcano, it is called lava. The lava cools and becomes rock.
Earthquakes
Earthquakes are made when two tectonic plates rub against each other, earthquakes happen more often when it’s on plate boundaries. Tsunamis occur by earthquakes which happen in the sea and create landslides, which from the vibration create a tsunami. Shock waves are sent out in the form of seismic waves. Almost every day there are several hundred minor earthquakes around the world. New Zealand is the number one hotspot for earthquakes. The reason is because it goes over two tectonic plates - Pacific plate and Australian plate. These plates are always moving. That is why there are so many earthquakes in this region.